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Objective: To analyze the epidemic characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases aged 60 years or older during the outbreak epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant in Sanya City, Hainan Province, August-September 2022, and to provide scientific and effective basis for formulating strategies for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in the elderly in the future. Methods: The data of 1 785 COVID-19 cases aged 60 years reported from August 1 to September 8, 2022 in Sanya City, and 537 local COVID-19 inpatients aged 60 years treated in Sanya Central Hospital were collected and analyzed using WPS Office 2018 software for data cleaning, database assistance, and drawing, and SPSS 22.0 software was used to statistically describe and analyze the counting data. Results: A total of 1 785 local COVID-19 cases aged 60 years were reported in China's Disease Prevention and Control Information System, including 1 509 confirmed cases (84.54%) and 276 asymptomatic cases (15.46%). Of the confirmed cases, 1 448 were mild cases (95.96%), 40 were common cases (2.65%), 10 were severe cases (0.66%), and 11 were critical cases (0.73%), and no deaths were reported. The ratio of male to female was 0.88:1. The youngest was 60 years old, the oldest age was 107 years old, with a median age of 67 years old. Most of them (1 559 cases, 87.34%) were non-social employed personnel. Among them, 952 (53.33%) were from Tianya District and 733 (41.06%) from Jiyang District. Among the 537 COVID-19 elderly infected patients hospitalized in Sanya Central Hospital, infected patients with underlying diseases accounted for 287 (53.45%) cases of hypertension, diabetes and other types of basic diseases (chronic kidney disease, hyperlipidemia, chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, etc.), and there were serious infections. Conclusions: Most of the elderly infected with Omicron variants were mild cases with few symptoms, but the elderly infected with Omicron variants were difficult to recover or even worsen the condition due to old age and underlying diseases. Therefore, by analyzing the various aspects of elderly infected cases, scientific and effective basis can be provided to prevent and control the epidemic situation in the future, and reduce the occurrence of severe, critical and death cases of COVID-19 in the elderly.
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Objective: To analyze the endemic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Sanya, and to provide reference for the prevention and control of the Omicron variant. Methods: The information of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infected persons (asymptomatic infected persons and confirmed cases) in Sanya City from August 1 to September 19, 2022 was collected through the Infectious Disease Reporting Information System of the Chinese Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. SPSS 25.0 software was used to analyze and compare the epidemiological characteristics of this Omicron variant outbreak between confirmed cases and asymptomatic infected persons. Results: A total of 15 651 cases of COVID-19 infection were reported in Sanya including 9 057 asymptomatic infections (57.87%) and 6 594 confirmed cases (42.13%), there were 0 deaths. The age ranged from 0 to 107 years old in which 0 to 5 years old, 6 to 18 years old, 19 to 64 years old and above 65 years old accounted for 5.64%, 15.03%, 71.83% and 7.51% respectively. The mean age of confirmed cases was (43.26..0.27) years old, which was significantly older than (31.89..0.16) years old of asymptomatic infection (Z=-37.89, P < 0.001). Sex ratio between men and women was 1:1.12. The occupation was mainly business service (8 239, 52.64%). The districts were mainly concentrated in Gangmen Village community of Jiyang District (10.02%), Danzhou Village community of Tianya District (9.69%) and Linchun Community of Jiyang District (8.11%). Asymptomatic and confirmed cases were 57.87% and 42.13% respectively. The differences between asymptomatic infected and confirmed cases in terms of gender, occupation and detection method were statistically significant (X2=17.63,1 632.44, 179.35, P all<0.001);the length of hospitalization of asymptomatic infected and confirmed cases was statistically significant (Z=-12.467, P < 0.001). Conclusions: This novel coronavirus outbreak was caused by Omicron BA.5.1.3 variant, which was discovered for the first time in China. The epidemiological mode is an outbreak mode, and the new Omicron variant is more insidious and infectious, and fast and decisive measures are needed to prevention and control the epidemic.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics and influencing factors for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (SMA) infection in Sanya and analyze the drug resistance so as to provide guidance for prevention and control of infection in medical institutions. METHODS: The hospitalization data were collected from the patients with SMA infection who were hospitalized in three tertiary general hospitals of Sanya from 2016 to 2020. The characteristics of SMA infection and influencing factors for respiratory tract and non-respiratory tract SMA infection were retrospectively analyzed, and the result of drug susceptibility testing was observed. RESULTS: A total of 753 case times of patients had SMA infection, including 606 (80.48%) case times of respiratory tract infection and 147 (19.52%) case times of non-respiratory tract infection. The isolation rate was the highest in respiratory medicine department (16.73%), followed by critical care medicine department (15.67%) and neurosurgery department (12.35%). The percentages of the patients with advanced age, complications with hypertension and pulmonary diseases, tracheotomy were the higher in the respiratory tract infection group than in the non-respiratory tract infection group (P < 0.05);while the percentages of the patients with malignant tumors, bacteremia, surgery, urinary tract intubation, low immunity and use of antibiotics and immunosuppressants were the higher in the non-respiratory tract infection group than in the respiratory tract infection group (P < 0.05). The result of drug susceptibility testing showed that the drug resistance rate of the SMA strains to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim was only 2.39%, while the drug resistance rate to ceftazidime was as high as 74.50%. CONCLUSION: The major influencing factors for the respiratory tract SMA infection include pulmonary diseases, hypertension, advanced age and tracheotomy;the influencing factors for the non-respiratory tract SMA infection include malignant tumors, low immunity, long-term excessive use of immunosuppressants and broad-spectrum antibiotics, bacteremia, surgery and urinary tract intubation. The SMA strains isolated from the city are highly sensitive to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim but are highly resistant to ceftazidime and chloramphenicol. It is necessary for the hospital to reasonably use antibiotics based on the result of drug susceptibility testing.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of Corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19) and analyze the influencing factors of the critically ill patients. METHODS: The data of 55 patients with confirmed COVID-19 who were treated in Sanya Central Hospital(the Third People's Hospital of Hainan Province) were retrospectively investigated, the distribution of the infection in different populations, areas and time periods was observed, and the influencing factors of the critically ill patients were explored. RESULTS: Among the 55 patients with confirmed COVID-19, 20(36.4%) were males, and 35(63.6%) were females;32(58.2%) were more than 50 years old.As for the clinical classifications, there were 34(61.8%) patients with common type and 21(38.2%) patients with severe, critically severe type.60.0% of the confirmed cases had the history of exposure to Wuhan before the onset, and 30.9% were infected through contact with family members. Totally 53 cases were cured and discharged, with the cure rate 96.4%;2 cases died, with the mortality rate 3.6%. There was no significant difference in the distribution of genders between the patients with severe, critically severe COVID-19 and the patients with the common type. The incidence of severe, critically severe COVID-19 was associated with no less than 50 years of age, latent period no less than 7 days, delayed treatment, poor living condition, personal protection measures, underlying diseases and clinical symptoms such as fatigue complicated with chest distress(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The history of exposure to Wuhan is the leading cause of second generation of recurrent cases. The influencing factors for the severe COVID-19 include no less than 50 years of age, latent period no less than 7 days, delayed treatment, poor living condition, poor personal protection, underlying diseases and clinical symptoms such as fatigue complicated with chest distress. It is necessary to take effective protection measures aiming at the influencing factors as early as possible so as to reduce the risk of severe COVID-19.